The besieging Spanish force at Pamplona was commanded by Captain General Enrique José O'Donnell (b. 1769, d. 1834), a Spanish general descended from the O'Donnells of Tyrconnell. The ‘Flight of the Wild Geese’ was the departure in December 1691 of the Irish Jacobite army commanded by General Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan, from Ireland to France. This had been agreed in the Treaty of Limerick on 3 October 1691.
'I turned over one poor chap on a rocky, bloody crag on Tanngoucha. He was facing the right way, the last round of a clip in the breech and three dead Germans in front of him. His name was Duff. After all is over - and the remainder of the Empire is understandably irritated with Ireland - I hope these countless Duffs, from both the North and the South, and in all three services, will be remembered.
(Brigadier Nelson Russell, Commander 38 (Irish) Brigade, 1942-44)
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